What is Brute force cracking
A brute force attack is a trial and error method in a cryptographic hack that relies on guessing possible combinations of a targeted password until the correct password is discovered. it is also known as a dictionary attack, where the attacker works through a dictionary of possible passwords and tries them all. A brute force attack starts with some assumptions about some common passwords. A hacker may use a brute force attack to obtain access to a website and account, then steal data, shut the site down, or execute another type of attack. A hacker may use a brute force attack to obtain access to a website and account, then steal data, shut the site down, or execute another type of attack.
However, the longer the password and the stronger the encryption on the saved credentials, the amount of time and computing power needed, so it is possible for organizations to decrease the efficiency of the attack to the point is almost impossible for attackers to execute successfully. In dictionary attacks, Hackers do not need to do much of the work. All they have to do is create an algorithm or use readily available brute-force attack programs to automatically run different combinations of usernames and passwords until they find the right combination. A manual dictionary attack is time-consuming, and most attackers use brute-force attack software and tools to save time. With the tools at their disposal, attackers can attempt things like input numeric password combinations and accessing web applications by searching for the correct session ID
TYPES OF BRUTE-FORCE ATTACK — — -
1-Simple Brute-Force attack
A simple brute force attack is used to gain access to local files, as there is no limit to the number of access attempts. The higher the scale of the attack, the more successful the chances are of entry. Simple brute force attacks mean inputting all possible passwords one at a time.
2-Hybrid Brute-force attack
It starts from external logic to determine which password variation may be most likely to succeed and then continues with the simple approach to try many possible variations.
3- Reversed Brute-force attack
Uses a common password or collection of passwords against many possible usernames. Targets a network of users for which the attackers have previously obtained data.
Tools for Brute-Force cracking — -
RAINBOW CRACK —
The Rainbow is a hash cracker tool that makes use of a large-scale time-memory trade-off. A traditional brute force cracker tries all possible plaintexts one by one, which can be time-consuming for complex passwords. RainbowCrack uses a time-memory trade-off to do all the cracking-time computation in advance and store the results in the so-called rainbow tables.
The main benefit of Rainbow Tables is that the actual creation of the rainbow tables takes much more time than cracking a single hash, after they are generated you can use the tables over and over again. Additionally, once you have generated the Rainbow Tables, RainbowCrack is faster than brute-force attacks and needs less memory than full dictionary attacks.
Ophcrack —
Ophcrack is an extremely fast password cracker because it uses a special algorithm called rainbow tables. Brute-force cracking tools typically try thousands of combinations of letters, numbers, and special characters each second, but cracking a password by attempting every conceivable combination can take hours or days. Rainbow tables pre-computes the hashes used by passwords, allowing for a speedy password lookup by comparing the hashes it has, instead of computing them from scratch.
Thinking of it another way, someone else has already generated the password hashes for millions of potential passwords using the same algorithm as Windows XP and Vista. Ophcrack simply loads the megabytes of hashes it already has and compares the password hash in Windows against its giant database. When it finds a match, Ophcrack reveals the password in plain text.
Hashcat
Hashcat is a popular and effective password cracker widely used by both penetration testers, criminals, and black hat hackers.
Cracking passwords is different from guessing a web login password, which typically only allows a small number of guesses before locking your account. Instead, someone who has gained access to a system with encrypted passwords will often try to crack those hashes to recover those passwords.
Prevention from Brute-force attack — —
GENERATE STRONG PASSWORD
A strong password should be a combination of commas, signs, parentheses, lower-case letters, upper-case letters, percent, and numbers. Do not use a word that would be in the dictionary or letters that are sequential on a keyboard.
Example of good passwords.
caps@3216
ZZYY{23}
user353#
world4//5
DoGs$326
Example of some bad passwords generally user generate.
123
12345
I love you
11223344
Akash(name)
akash123
How hackers find out our passwords ?
1-They guess it — — generally users use passwords on children’s name, boyfriend's name, and also pet name, so this is the easy way to guess it.
3- Phishing — — — Attacker makes a fake page of any trusted website /company and you put your personal information like Username, passwords, credit card information etc, and you become a victim very easily.
Quotes
1- “It takes 20 years to build a reputation and few minutes of cyber-incident to ruin it.” ― Stephane Nappo
2-“One of the main cyber-risks is to think they don’t exist. The other is to try to treat all potential risks.
3-Fix the basics, protect first what matters for your business, and be ready to react properly to pertinent threats. Think data, but also business services integrity, awareness, customer experience, compliance, and reputation.”
― Stephane Nappo
4- Cyber is a new atomic power
5-“You are an essential ingredient in our ongoing effort to reduce Security Risk.”― Kirsten Manthorne
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